John Hutchinson:Champions Of Charity: War And The Rise Of The Red Cross
- hardcover ISBN: 9780367314897
London: P. S. King & Son, Ltd, 1918. Presumed First Edition, First printing. Hardcover. Good. xii, [2], 223, [1] pages. Illustrations. Footnotes. Cover worn with spine tears and some pa… More...
London: P. S. King & Son, Ltd, 1918. Presumed First Edition, First printing. Hardcover. Good. xii, [2], 223, [1] pages. Illustrations. Footnotes. Cover worn with spine tears and some page discoloration. Contents include: Our Duty to our Soldiers, The Declining Birth-Rate, Housing, Housing. Standards of Family Life; Racial Poison; Endowment of Motherhood; A Clean Milk Supply; A Ministry of Health; The National Balance-Sheet; "Lighthouses in the Storm-Tossed Seas"; The Bradford Scheme; The Aftermath; Appendix I: The Fall in the Birth Rate, Legitimate Birth-Rates and Infantile Mortality; Appendix II: Other Municipal Health Activities in Bradford; and Index. The author was a Member of the National Birth Rate Commission; Chairman of Health Committee of the Bradford Corporation; chairman of the Bradford Insurance Committee; Member of the council of the National Clean Milk society; Member of the Institute of Hygiene, and a Member f the Society for the Study of Inebriety. Toward the end of the First World War, the author wrote: If a new Britain is to rise out of the ashes of war, our industries must be measured not alone by the profits they create, but by a constantly rising standard of life for those engaged in them. To provide adequate wages and regular incomes does not spell ruin, but that wider circulation and increased spending power by means of which industries prosper and wealth grows. The Open Sesame to our future well-being is the physical, mental and moral advancement to our people, and unless that becomes our supreme concern all the protection in the world cannot save us. A more equitable distribution of riches would not only promote commercial prosperity, but make possible the uplift and development of the common people, whom Lincoln said : " God must have loved, He made so many of them." When we look upon Nature and the gracious inheritance bequeathed by God to man, there is surely something wrong with the uses to which this heritage has been put ! One is drawn to the conclusion that the multiplication of fortunes in the hands of a few, the tyranny of vested interests, the incredible and unscrupulous power of money to dominate, direct and control men, to set up and pull down without appearing to act at all, nay, even to convert democracy itself into an instrument for its own uses, is the fundamental cause of our national perils; and that, horrible as is the war abroad, it may be but the beginning of an even more momentous life-and-death struggle at home. We must cease to try merely to lop off branches of evils, and apply ourselves to the higher and more imperative duty of digging away at their roots. In the meantime, we are engaged in the Sisyphus-like occupation of rolling the stone up the mountainous slopes of monopolies and vested interests, while wealth is taking its ceaseless toll of life by hurling it down again. The responsibility for determining the character of the new kingdom is grave and imperious. The opportunity for redeeming change is here and now., P. S. King & Son, Ltd, 1918, 2.5, Hardback. New. A character in an Evelyn Waugh novel once remarked that ?There's nothing wrong with war?except the fighting.? In Champions of Charity, John Hutchinson argues that while they set out with a vision to make war more humane, the world's Red Cross organizations soon became enthusiastic promoters of militarism and sacrifice in time of war.The mass armies of the nineteenth century were stalked by disease and slaughtered by ever more destructive weaponry, arousing the indignation and humanitarian concern of self-appointed battlefield Samaritans, who envisioned a neutral corps of volunteer nurses who would aid and comfort wounded soldiers, regardless of nationality. But the champions of charity soon became champions of war.Florence Nightingale was among the few at the time to recognize the dangers lurking in the Red Cross vision. She refused to join, and warned its founders that the governments of the world would cooperate with the Red Cross because ?it would render war more easy.? She was right; starting in the late 19th century armies simply used the Red Cross to efficiently recycle wounded men back into the frontlines.In World War I, national Red Cross societies became enthusiastic wartime propagandists. This was true in every combatant nation, and it is a transformation well portrayed by the fascinating selection of art in this book. Soon Red Cross personnel were even sporting military-style uniforms, and in the United States, the Red Cross became so identified with the war effort that an American citizen was convicted of treason for criticising the Red Cross in time of war!The Red Cross played an especially important role in encouraging the mass involvement of women in the ?home front? for the first time. It did this through magazines, postcards, posters, bandage-rolling parties, and speeches that blended romantic images of humanitarianism and war into a unique brand of maternal militarism. A true pioneer in mass propaganda, the Red Cross taught millions that preparation for war was not just a patriotic duty, but a normal and desirable social activity.The Red Cross societies had proven their usefulness in mobilizing civilians in wartime, and most of their functions were taken over by government agencies by the time of World War II. Gradually the Red Cross became better known for its work in public health, disaster relief, and lifesaving classes. But the legacy of a darker past still lingers: the red cross on a white background found on army ambulances, or the unsubtle subtext of sacrifice and heroism in Red Cross television advertising.It is a legacy the Red Cross itself has preferred not to acknowledge in its own self-congratulatory literature. For not only was the humanitarian impulse that inspired the creation of the Red Cross easily distorted, but this urge to militarize came from within its own ranks. This startling and provocative history of the Red Cross reminds us of the hidden dangers that sometimes come cloaked in the best of intentions., 6<