2013, ISBN: 9781230047706

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not … More...

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1876 edition. Excerpt: ...freely, and to contaminate the soil. This was considered an evil to be avoided at any cost, in view of the theory that typhoid fever and cholera were directly dependent on low levels of ground-water, and organic decomposition going on there. By digging down to the sides of badly-constructed sewers, Pettenkofer found the soil moist and foul-smelling; and Feichtinger found large quantities of organic matter in such soil. In his report on the sewerage of Basel, in 1869, Pettenkofer opposed the introduction of water-closets. Even granting that sewers were necessary, he thought that by keeping out of them the contents of water-closets, just so much more sewage could be kept from getting through into the soil. To his surprise, however, he found that in Rugby, with water-closets, a liter of sewage contained 151 milligrams of organic matter, while in Munich, without water-closets, it contained much more; namely, 189 milligrams. Jt appeared, too, that although it was forbidden by law to empty privies, etc., into the sewers, it was done so much, under cover of darkness, that night-sewage contained 37 per cent, more of soluble organic matter than that of the day-time. The chlorine and potash, especially, were increased. In 1868, Varrentrapp published his exhaustive treatise on the drainage and sewerage of cities, completely refuting the theory that sewers must pollute the soil, and showing that Sowers, lie said, are as bad as cesspools for contaminating the air nnl soil, and the cesspool-system, well ventilated, is as efficient as sewers in maintaining the purity of the air, ground, and water near houses. (I-ufl, Iioden und Waaser dm Houses ibentso rein za erhalten mag trie dan Schemmsi/slem.) Lindley, the distinguished engineer of the works at... Weight:0.64 lbs, RareBooksClub.com, 9/13/2013 0:00:00<