ISBN: 9780217348850

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustra… More...

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1918. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER IV THE ANNEXATION OF OUDH There is yet to be considered a state which was annexed to the Company''s territory, neither by conquest nor by lapse, but by the mere act of proclamation. No action of Lord Dalhousie has been more criticised than his treatment of the King of Oudh; and the mere fact that feelings were even more bitter there than elsewhere during the Mutiny, added to the violence of that criticism. After the battle of Buxar in 1764, the Company decided that the kingdom of Oudh should continue as a buffer state between their territory and the Mahrattas. In 1801, Lord Wellesley made a treaty with the king by which Oudh became a subsidiary state. The king was left free to carry on the internal administration of the country and, in return for certain money payments, to receive the protection of British troops. During Lord Dalhousie''s rule certain facts had been proved beyond any vestige of doubt. In the first place, the king''s rule was both oppressive and inefficient. Lord William Bentinck, Lord Hardinge, Sir Henry Lawrence, Colonel Sleeman and Sir James Outram had each in turn come to this conclusion; and the efforts of the British Government to effect any improvement had conspicuously failed. It therefore followed that the subsidiary system had not succeeded in safeguarding the interests of the people of Oudh. Indeed, the British troops prevented all chances of a successful revolt on the part of the people against oppression. It was clear, therefore, that something had to be done; and the only difference of opinion lay in what that something should be. Lord William Bentinck had advised that the British Government should act as a guardian and trustee, and form an administration entirely native; Sir Henry Lawrence insisted that not one rupee sh... George Anderson, Books, History, The Expansion Of British India (1818-1858) (volume 1) Books>History This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from GeneralBooksClub.com. You can also preview excerpts from the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Volume: 1; Original Published by: G. Bell & Sons, ltd. in 1918 in 217 pages; Subjects: Great Britain; India; History / General; History / Asia / General; History / Europe / Great Britain; History / Asia / India & South Asia; History / United States / Colonial Period (1600-1775);<

ISBN: 9780217348850

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www. million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHA… More...

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www. million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III FOREIGN WARFARE. THE PUNJAB AND BURMA In this chapter an attempt is made to show the causes and effects of Lord Dalhousie's policy towards two countries situated beyond the limits of the Company's territory, the Punjab and Burma. Nanak, the founder of the Sikh 1 sect, was born in 1469. He was one of India's greatest religious reformers; he hated tyranny and superstition, and strove to bring about religious peace and union between Hindus and Muhammadans. Some hundred years later, a second leader arose. Guru Gobind rejected his predecessor's policy of peaceful persuasion, and bound his followers into a great military caste. Equality among themselves, a bitter hatred of Muhammadan tyranny and cruelty, and a Spartan hardiness of life, then became the chief characteristics of the Sikhs. Their enemies from Delhi strove hard to exterminate this troublesome race, but their strength was already tried to its utmost by Afghan invasions. The Sikh confederacy, therefore, grew steadily in power and, by the end of the eighteenth century, formed an admirable buffer state " between the Company's territories and the thorny countryside of Pathan, Afghan, and Beluchi tribesmen beyond the Indus." And after the departure of Zeman Shah, Ranjit Singh, the Lion of the Punjab, united the hitherto discordant units into one powerful kingdom. The treaty of friendship formed between him and the British soon developed into a definite alliance which was respected by both parties until the death of the Great Maharajah in 1839. It is difficult to over-estimate the importance of the part played by the Sikhs during the later part of the eighteenth and the early part of the nineteenth centuries. Accounts of the development of their power and of their political importance are given below. 1 The Books History~~General Expansion-of-British-India~~Manilal-Bhagwandes-Sudebar-Anderson General Books LLC This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from GeneralBooksClub.com. You can also preview excerpts from the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Volume: 1; Original Published by: G. Bell & Sons, ltd. in 1918 in 217 pages; Subjects: Great Britain; India; History / General; History / Asia / General; History / Europe / Great Britain; History / Asia / India & South Asia; History / United States / Colonial Period (1600-1775);<

ISBN: 9780217348850

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www. million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHA… More...

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www. million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III FOREIGN WARFARE. THE PUNJAB AND BURMA In this chapter an attempt is made to show the causes and effects of Lord Dalhousie's policy towards two countries situated beyond the limits of the Company's territory, the Punjab and Burma. Nanak, the founder of the Sikh 1 sect, was born in 1469. He Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www. million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III FOREIGN WARFARE. THE PUNJAB AND BURMA In this chapter an attempt is made to show the causes and effects of Lord Dalhousie's policy towards two countries situated beyond the limits of the Company's territory, the Punjab and Burma. Nanak, the founder of the Sikh 1 sect, was born in 1469. He was one of India's greatest religious reformers; he hated tyranny and superstition, and strove to bring about religious peace and union between Hindus and Muhammadans. Some hundred years later, a second leader arose. Guru Gobind rejected his predecessor's policy of peaceful persuasion, and bound his followers into a great military caste. Equality among themselves, a bitter hatred of Muhammadan tyranny and cruelty, and a Spartan hardiness of life, then became the chief characteristics of the Sikhs. Their enemies from Delhi strove hard to exterminate this troublesome race, but their strength was already tried to its utmost by Afghan invasions. The Sikh confederacy, therefore, grew steadily in power and, by the end of the eighteenth century, formed an admirable buffer state " between the Company's territories and the thorny countryside of Pathan, Afghan, and Beluchi tribesmen beyond the Indus." And after the departure of Zeman Shah, Ranjit Singh, the Lion of the Punjab, united the hitherto discordant units into one powerful kingdom. The treaty of friendship formed between him and the British soon developed into a definite alliance which was respected by both parties until the death of the Great Maharajah in 1839. It is difficult to over-estimate the importance of the part played by the Sikhs during the later part of the eighteenth and the early part of the nineteenth centuries. Accounts of the development of their power and of their political importance are given below. 1 The Books, History~~General, Expansion-of-British-India~~Manilal-Bhagwandes-Sudebar-Anderson, 999999999, The Expansion Of British India (1818-1858), George Anderson, 0217348858, General Books LLC, , , , , General Books LLC<

ISBN: 9780217348850

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustra… More...

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1918. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER IV THE ANNEXATION OF OUDH There is yet to be considered a state which was annexed to the Company''s territory, neither by conquest nor by lapse, but by the mere act of proclamation. No action of Lord Dalhousie has been more criticised than his treatment of the King of Oudh; and the mere fact that feelings were even more bitter there than elsewhere during the Mutiny, added to the violence of that criticism. After the battle of Buxar in 1764, the Company decided that the kingdom of Oudh should continue as a buffer state between their territory and the Mahrattas. In 1801, Lord Wellesley made a treaty with the king by which Oudh became a subsidiary state. The king was left free to carry on the internal administration of the country and, in return for certain money payments, to receive the protection of British troops. During Lord Dalhousie''s rule certain facts had been proved beyond any vestige of doubt. In the first place, the king''s rule was both oppressive and inefficient. Lord William Bentinck, Lord Hardinge, Sir Henry Lawrence, Colonel Sleeman and Sir James Outram had each in turn come to this conclusion; and the efforts of the British Government to effect any improvement had conspicuously failed. It therefore followed that the subsidiary system had not succeeded in safeguarding the interests of the people of Oudh. Indeed, the British troops prevented all chances of a successful revolt on the part of the people against oppression. It was clear, therefore, that something had to be done; and the only difference of opinion lay in what that something should be. Lord William Bentinck had advised that the British Government should act as a guardian and trustee, and form an administration entirely native; Sir Henry Lawrence insisted that not one rupee sh... George Anderson, Books, History, The Expansion Of British India (1818-1858) (volume 1) Books>History, General Books LLC<